An analogy is a comparison between two different things to highlight some form of similarity. In the sentences provided, the following gives an example of an analogy:
"The new engineer in the fossil fuels division is definitely a diamond in the rough."
This phrase compares the engineer to a "diamond in the rough," implying that while the engineer may not be fully polished or refined yet, there is potential for greatness, much like how a raw diamond can be transformed into a beautiful gem.