The property of equality that justifies the step from
\[ \frac{3z}{2} - 5 = 10 \]
to
\[ \frac{3z}{2} - 5 + 5 = 10 + 5 \]
is the Addition Property of Equality.
This property states that if you add the same number to both sides of an equation, the two sides remain equal. In this case, adding 5 to both sides isolates the term \(\frac{3z}{2}\).