The gravitational pull of the Sun on a planet is primarily affected by two factors:
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Mass of the Sun: The greater the mass of the Sun, the stronger its gravitational pull. According to Newton's law of universal gravitation, gravitational force is directly proportional to the masses of the two objects involved.
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Distance from the Sun: The gravitational pull decreases with increasing distance. According to the inverse square law, the gravitational force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the objects. As a planet moves further away from the Sun, the gravitational force it experiences decreases significantly.
In summary, the Sun's gravitational pull on a planet is influenced by the mass of the Sun and the distance between the planet and the Sun.