The statement that best summarizes the outcome of the Thirty Years' War is:
Protestants and Catholics continued to control the same areas in Europe that they had at the beginning of this conflict.
While there were some changes in territorial control and the balance of power, the Peace of Westphalia, which concluded the war in 1648, largely recognized the territorial and religious divisions that were already in place. The conflict did not lead to a significant shift in religious control in areas like Italy and Spain, where Catholicism remained dominant.