To determine which actions helped Chandragupta control his empire, you can consider the significance of each option.
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He gave food to the areas he conquered - This would help build goodwill and ensure support from newly conquered territories.
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He appointed government officials to carry out his orders - This is crucial for maintaining order and governance over a large empire.
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He trusted those who pledged their loyalty - Building a loyal foundation of supporters is important for stability and control.
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He lived simply and did not burden the people with taxes - This approach would help maintain the favor of the populace and prevent resentment towards his rule.
While all these actions are indeed positive strategies for controlling an empire, if you can only choose one, the most fundamental action would likely be “He appointed government officials to carry out his orders,” as this directly relates to effective governance and the administration of the empire's affairs.