Which of the following would correctly compare and contrast the functions of the chloroplast and the mitochondrion?

Question

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1 point
Both are responsible for the storage of extracellular materials
They are responsible for the conversion of energy in either plant or animal cells
the mitochondrian is responsible for the communication and reception of hormones within the cell membrane
The are responsible for the distribution of energy in both plants and animal cells

Answer 1

To accurately compare and contrast the functions of chloroplasts and mitochondria, let's review their primary roles:

• Chloroplasts are found in plant cells and some protists. Their main function is to perform photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy (glucose) using carbon dioxide and water.

• Mitochondria are found in both plant and animal cells. They are responsible for cellular respiration, where they convert the chemical energy from glucose into ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is the primary energy carrier in cells.

Based on the provided options, let's evaluate them:

1. Both are responsible for the storage of extracellular materials: This is incorrect. Neither chloroplasts nor mitochondria are primarily responsible for the storage of extracellular materials.

2. They are responsible for the conversion of energy in either plant or animal cells: This statement is partially true. While both organelles are involved in energy conversion, chloroplasts specifically convert light energy to chemical energy in plants, and mitochondria convert chemical energy to ATP in both plants and animals.

3. The mitochondrion is responsible for the communication and reception of hormones within the cell membrane: This is incorrect. Mitochondria do not have a role in hormone communication; that is typically a function of cell membranes and other signaling pathways.

4. They are responsible for the distribution of energy in both plants and animal cells: This is misleading. Mitochondria distribute energy produced through cellular respiration (ATP), while chloroplasts are involved in converting solar energy to chemical energy (glucose), which is later utilized by mitochondria.

The best choice is the second one, but it needs to be clarified that chloroplasts are specific to plants and some algae, while mitochondria function in both plant and animal cells.

Final Answer: They are responsible for the conversion of energy in either plant or animal cells (with clarification regarding which organelles are involved in which processes).