The following options would cause an excess output of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere:
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More burning of fossil fuels - This is a significant source of carbon dioxide emissions, as burning coal, oil, and natural gas releases CO2 into the atmosphere.
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Less detritivores - Detritivores, such as earthworms and certain insects, play a crucial role in the decomposition process. If there are fewer detritivores, organic material may decompose more slowly, potentially leading to the accumulation of organic matter in soil while also contributing to carbon dioxide emissions through respiration processes. It’s important to note, however, that this effect might not be as direct as fossil fuel combustion.
The options less biota (animals) and more decomposition are less likely to cause excess CO2 output. Less biota means there are fewer organisms that respire, which could lead to lower CO2 levels, while more decomposition generally leads to the release of CO2 as organic materials break down, though it is typically a normal part of the carbon cycle.
Therefore, the main direct causes of excess CO2 output are more burning of fossil fuels and potentially less detritivores.