To evaluate \( \log_{10} 23 \), we need to understand the properties of logarithms.
The correct evaluation is not provided among the options you've given. Specifically, \( \log_{10} 23 \) is asking for the exponent to which the base (10) must be raised to obtain 23.
Mathematically:
\[ 10^x = 23 \]
So, \( x = \log_{10} 23 \) is not equal to any of the options listed (23, -23, \( 10^{-23} \), or \( 10^{23} \)). The logarithm does not simplify in those ways.
To reiterate, the value \( \log_{10} 23 \) is approximately 1.3617, which does not correspond to any of the choices given.
If you are looking for an evaluation or further simplification, none of these options are correct for the logarithm of 23 with a base of 10.