The statement that best describes the effect of Matthew Perry’s expedition on Japan is:
Perry’s arrival in Japan exposed the weaknesses of the Tokugawa Shogunate against the threat of a modernizing world.
Perry's expedition and the subsequent Treaty of Kanagawa in 1854 marked a significant turning point in Japanese history, highlighting Japan's need to respond to Western pressures and ultimately leading to the end of the Tokugawa Shogunate.