To simplify \( 4x^2 - 3x^2 + 5x - 24 \), we can first combine the like terms:
\[ 4x^2 - 3x^2 = (4 - 3)x^2 = 1x^2 = x^2 \]
So, we can rewrite the expression as:
\[ x^2 + 5x - 24 \]
Next, we will factor the quadratic expression \( x^2 + 5x - 24 \).
We need to find two numbers that multiply to \(-24\) (the constant term) and add to \(5\) (the coefficient of the linear term). The numbers \(8\) and \(-3\) satisfy this:
\[ 8 + (-3) = 5 \quad \text{and} \quad 8 \times (-3) = -24 \]
So, we can factor the quadratic as:
\[ (x + 8)(x - 3) \]
Now, we can compare this factorization with the options given:
- \(2(x - 12)\)
- \(4x(x - 6)\)
- \((x + 6)(x - 4)\)
- \((x + 8)(x - 3)\)
The correct option that simplifies to the same expression as \(4x^2 - 3x^2 + 5x - 24\) is:
\[ \boxed{(x + 8)(x - 3)} \]