The best research method to suit the hypothesis "Children under the age of five are more likely to exhibit aggressive behavior when placed in groups of ten or more" would be observation.
Observation allows researchers to directly watch and record the behaviors of children in a natural or controlled setting, providing insights into their aggressive behaviors in different group sizes. Surveys or interviews might not capture actual behavior as they rely on self-reported data, which can be biased or inaccurate, especially with very young children. Statistical analysis would be suitable for analyzing data collected but not for the initial data gathering.
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