An astronomer is primarily focused on the study of celestial objects, phenomena, and the universe as a whole. Among the given options, the task that aligns most closely with what an astronomer might perform is:
analyze satellite imagery
While astronomers may engage with aspects of satellites and their data, developing standards or designing rockets typically falls under the realm of aerospace engineers or satellite engineers. Planning orbits for satellites could be done by astronomers, particularly those studying satellites of other celestial bodies, but it often involves more engineering principles as well. Analyzing satellite imagery directly connects to astronomy and the study of celestial objects.