A similarity between chattel slavery and the encomienda system is that both systems involved the exploitation of individuals for labor and economic gain, often under coercive and oppressive conditions.
In chattel slavery, individuals were considered property and had no rights, while in the encomienda system, Spanish colonizers were granted the right to extract labor from Indigenous people in the Americas, often leading to severe abuses. Both systems dehumanized the people involved and were justified by racial and cultural hierarchies.