Which of the following happens during the elongation phase of translation?

Question

Amino acids are removed from the ribosome.

Nucleotides are added to the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA).

The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is unzipped and copied by DNA polymerase.

The anticodon of the transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) is matched to the codon on the messenger RNA (mRNA), and the amino acid is transferred from tRNA to the growing peptide chain.

Answer 1

During the elongation phase of translation, the correct statement is:

The anticodon of the transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) is matched to the codon on the messenger RNA (mRNA), and the amino acid is transferred from tRNA to the growing peptide chain.

This process involves the tRNA molecules bringing amino acids to the ribosome, where they pair with the corresponding codons on the mRNA, allowing the growing peptide chain to be elongated. Other options mentioned (removing amino acids, adding nucleotides to mRNA, and DNA unzipping) do not occur during the elongation phase of translation.