The uneven distribution of Earth's mineral resources is primarily explained by tectonic plate movements.
Tectonic plate movements create various geological conditions that lead to the formation of different types of mineral deposits. For example, the movement of plates can cause volcanic activity, the formation of mountain ranges, and deep ocean trenches, all of which can concentrate minerals in certain regions. Other factors like weathering, erosion, and human activity can influence the availability and accessibility of these resources, but the initial formation of mineral resources is largely dependent on the geological processes associated with tectonic activity.