To determine which of the given equations is correctly balanced, we can check the number of atoms of each element on both sides of each equation.
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Equation 1:
\( C_8H_8 + 2O_2 → CO_2 + 4H_2O \)-
Reactants:
- Carbon (C): 8
- Hydrogen (H): 8
- Oxygen (O): 2 × 2 = 4
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Products:
- Carbon (C): 1 × 1 = 1
- Hydrogen (H): 4 × 2 = 8
- Oxygen (O): 1 × 2 + 4 × 1 = 6
Not balanced (C and O are not balanced).
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Equation 2:
\( C_8H_8 + 3O_2 → 3CO_2 + 4H_2O \)-
Reactants:
- Carbon (C): 8
- Hydrogen (H): 8
- Oxygen (O): 3 × 2 = 6
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Products:
- Carbon (C): 3 × 1 = 3
- Hydrogen (H): 4 × 2 = 8
- Oxygen (O): 3 × 2 + 4 × 1 = 10
Not balanced (C and O are not balanced).
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Equation 3:
\( C_8H_8 + 4O_2 → 3CO_2 + 3H_2O \)-
Reactants:
- Carbon (C): 8
- Hydrogen (H): 8
- Oxygen (O): 4 × 2 = 8
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Products:
- Carbon (C): 3 × 1 = 3
- Hydrogen (H): 3 × 2 = 6
- Oxygen (O): 3 × 2 + 3 × 1 = 9
Not balanced (C and O are not balanced).
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Equation 4:
\( C_8H_8 + 5O_2 → 3CO_2 + 4H_2O \)-
Reactants:
- Carbon (C): 8
- Hydrogen (H): 8
- Oxygen (O): 5 × 2 = 10
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Products:
- Carbon (C): 3 × 1 = 3
- Hydrogen (H): 4 × 2 = 8
- Oxygen (O): 3 × 2 + 4 × 1 = 10
Not balanced (C is not balanced).
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In conclusion, none of the given equations are properly balanced. However, if we assume the intent is to represent combustion of a hydrocarbon correctly, the proper balancing of \(C_8H_8 + 10O_2 → 8CO_2 + 4H_2O\) would be required.