The correct distinctions that Russia enjoys are:
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It is by far the largest country in the world. - Russia is the largest country in terms of land area, spanning over 17 million square kilometers.
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It is the northernmost country in the world. - Russia has territories that reach into the Arctic region, making it the country with the northernmost land.
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It is the only country in the world with large areas of tundra inside its borders. - Russia contains extensive tundra regions, particularly in Siberia.
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It has had more kinds of governments in its history than any other country. - Russia's complex history includes various forms of governance such as monarchy, communism, and current federal structure, contributing to its diverse political evolution.
Thus, all four responses describe distinctions that Russia holds.