The Anti-Federalists primarily opposed ratifying the Constitution. They were concerned that the proposed Constitution would create a strong central government that could threaten individual liberties and states' rights. A bill of rights was one of their key demands, as they believed it was necessary to protect individual freedoms.
To clarify the other options:
- Including a bill of rights: Anti-Federalists favored the inclusion of a bill of rights.
- Publishing the Federalist Papers: Anti-Federalists did not oppose this directly, but the Federalist Papers were written to promote the Constitution, which they opposed.
- Granting states’ rights in the Constitution: They advocated for preserving states' rights, so they opposed measures that would centralize power in the federal government.
In summary, the strongest opposition was to ratifying the Constitution itself.
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