The statement that correctly describes climate regions of South America is:
"The Andes Mountains create diverse climates, including arid deserts and cold highlands."
This reflects the varied climates present in South America, largely influenced by the Andes mountain range, which affects precipitation patterns and temperature across the continent. The other statements are inaccurate. The Amazon rainforest has a humid and warm climate, not dry and cold; South America has a range of climates beyond just tropical near the equator; and not all of South America experiences the same weather patterns year-round due to its diverse geography and climate zones.