The most accurate contrast between Federalists' and Anti-Federalists' understandings of a bill of rights is:
Federalists saw a bill of rights as a document that would limit people’s rights, while Anti-Federalists saw such a document as preserving the most important rights.
Federalists were concerned that explicitly listing rights could imply that any unlisted rights were not protected, potentially limiting individual freedoms. In contrast, Anti-Federalists believed a bill of rights was essential to protect individual liberties against potential government overreach.