The First Cherokee War (1759–1761) was primarily caused by escalating tensions between the Cherokee Nation and European American settlers in the Southern Highlands. Several key factors contributed to the outbreak of the war:
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Land Disputes: As colonial expansion pushed further into Cherokee territory, disputes over land ownership and use became increasingly contentious. Settlers encroached on lands that were traditionally used by the Cherokee for hunting and gathering.
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Trade Issues: The economic relationship between the Cherokee and English traders became strained. The Cherokee often felt exploited by traders, which led to resentment and a breakdown in relations.
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Colonial Policies: The policies of colonial governments, including the failure to honor treaties and protect Cherokee lands from encroachment, contributed to the growing mistrust and anger among the Cherokee people.
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External Influences: The broader context of the Anglo-French conflict in North America (the French and Indian War) influenced interactions and allegiances among Native American tribes and European settlers. The Cherokee sought to assert their sovereignty and alliances to secure their interests.
These factors combined led to the First Cherokee War, as grievances against encroachment, exploitation, and colonial neglect culminated in armed conflict.