Which of the following best describes the main political idea that shaped Japan in its medieval period?

Answer 1

The main political idea that shaped Japan in its medieval period (approximately from the late 12th century to the late 16th century) was the concept of feudalism, characterized by a hierarchical system of landownership and allegiance. This system included powerful landowners (daimyōs) who controlled large estates and relied on vassals (samurai) for military protection and loyalty. The central authority was often weak, particularly during times of civil strife, such as the Sengoku period, leading to decentralized power structures. Additionally, the influence of Buddhism and Shintoism also played a role in shaping governance and social order during this era. Overall, the political landscape was marked by the interplay of military power, land tenure, and loyalty-based relationships.