The key features of the Olmec, Zapotec, and Chavin civilizations include:
Olmec Civilization:
1. Location: Mesoamerica (present-day Mexico).
2. Time period: 1200 BCE - 400 BCE.
3. Known for colossal stone heads and other monumental sculptures.
4. Developed a complex social and political system.
5. Expert agriculturalists, cultivated maize, beans, and squash.
6. Constructed ceremonial centers and pyramid-like structures.
7. Engaged in long-distance trade, including the exchange of jade and obsidian.
Zapotec Civilization:
1. Location: Oaxaca Valley in southern Mexico.
2. Time period: 500 BCE - 800 CE.
3. Developed a sophisticated urban civilization.
4. Known for the city of Monte Albán, a political and economic center.
5. Constructed monumental architecture, including pyramids, palaces, and ball courts.
6. Developed a hieroglyphic writing system (one of the earliest in Mesoamerica).
7. Highly skilled in pottery, weaving, and metallurgy.
8. Had a stratified society with a ruling elite and commoners.
Chavin Civilization:
1. Location: Andean highlands of Peru.
2. Time period: 900 BCE - 200 BCE.
3. Developed a religious and cultural center at Chavín de Huántar.
4. Known for its distinctive and elaborate stone architecture.
5. Worshiped a complex pantheon of deities, including the jaguar and the condor.
6. Engaged in long-distance trade, including coca leaves, obsidian, and gold.
7. Developed influential artistic style characterized by intricate carvings and ceramic pottery.
Which of the following accurately lists the key features of the Olmec, Zapotec, and Chavin civilizations?
1 answer