Which observation supported Wegener’s theory of continental drift?

Question

A. The earth’s rotation could provide enough force to move the continents apart.

B. Each continent had mountain ranges.

C. Different continents had different rock types.

D. Identical fossils were found on continents that were far apart.

Answer 1

The observation that supported Wegener’s theory of continental drift was:

D. Identical fossils were found on continents that were far apart.

Wegener pointed to the distribution of identical fossils of certain plants and animals on continents that are now widely separated by oceans as evidence that those continents were once joined together.

Answer 2

Which feature do you usually see when tectonic plates move apart?

A. earthquakes

B. volcanoes

C. mountains

D. new ocean ridges and seafloor

Answer 3

When tectonic plates move apart, you usually see:

D. new ocean ridges and seafloor.

This process is known as seafloor spreading, which typically occurs at mid-ocean ridges where tectonic plates diverge, leading to the formation of new oceanic crust.

Answer 4

What happens in a convection cell?

A. Hot, less dense material rises and cold dense material also rises.

B. Hot, less dense material moves horizontally, while cold, dense material moves vertically.

C. Cold, dense material moves horizontally, while hot, less dense material moves vertically.

D. Cold, dense material sinks while hot, less dense material rises.

Answer 5

In a convection cell:

D. Cold, dense material sinks while hot, less dense material rises.

This process occurs in various contexts, such as in the Earth's mantle, where hot mantle material rises towards the surface, cools, and then sinks back down as it becomes denser.

Answer 6

In this diagram of the earth’s interior, which part causes the diffraction of P waves made by earthquakes?
a cross-section of planet earth with sections labeled. in the very center is a bright yellow sphere labeled A. surrounding this section is a ring of orange created by a larger sphere encircling the sphere marked A. This larger sphere is labeled B. surrounding this section is a ring of red created by an even larger sphere encircling the sphere marked B. This larger sphere is labeled C. the very outer portion, which shows continents and forms the outside of largest sphere, the whole globe, is labeled D.

A

B

C

D

Answer 7

In the context of the Earth's interior and the diffraction of P waves (primary waves) made by earthquakes, the part that causes the diffraction of P waves is:

C.

The outer core (labeled C) is liquid, which affects how seismic waves propagate through the Earth. P waves can travel through solids but are refracted or diffraction occurs when they pass from solid (the mantle and crust) to liquid (the outer core), leading to the phenomenon known as wave refraction.

Answer 8

Which feature may interrupt the sides of a composite-cone volcano?

A. calderas

B. fumaroles

C. craters

D. conduits

Answer 9

The feature that may interrupt the sides of a composite-cone volcano is:

A. calderas.

Calderas are large volcanic depressions that can form when a composite-cone volcano erupts violently and collapses. They are typically much larger than the original cone and can disrupt the structure of the volcano. While craters are also associated with volcanic activity, calderas represent a more significant alteration of the volcano's sides.

Answer 10

Which material erupted from volcanoes is important in acid rain?

A. carbon dioxide

B. carbon monoxide

C. ash

D. sulfur dioxide

Answer 11

The material erupted from volcanoes that is important in acid rain is:

D. sulfur dioxide.

When sulfur dioxide is released during a volcanic eruption, it can react with water vapor in the atmosphere to form sulfuric acid, which is a component of acid rain.