The lack of stability and freedom in Afghanistan can be attributed to a complex interplay of historical, political, social, and international factors. While the options you've listed touch on different issues, it's important to clarify their relevance to Afghanistan's situation:
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Britain's decision to petition Afghanistan into two states: This is somewhat inaccurate. The British involvement in Afghanistan primarily revolved around the Anglo-Afghan wars in the 19th and early 20th centuries. While British colonial policies did create divisions and influence the political landscape, the idea of partitioning Afghanistan into two states is not a prominent historical event. However, the legacy of imperial interventions contributed to long-standing regional tensions.
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The Taliban takeover of the country: The return of the Taliban to power in 2021 has significantly affected stability and freedom in Afghanistan. After the U.S. withdrawal, the Taliban quickly regained control, leading to the imposition of their harsh interpretation of Islamic law, restricting freedoms, particularly for women, and dismissing many in the workforce.
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War breaking out between Muslims and Hindus, specifically with India over Kashmir: While the conflict over Kashmir has led to hostilities between India and Pakistan and has regional stability implications, it is not directly a cause of instability in Afghanistan itself. However, the broader geopolitical dynamics, including relations between Pakistan (which has had influence in Afghanistan) and India, do play a role in the regional security environment.
In summary, while the Taliban's rule is a direct factor impacting Afghanistan's current state, other aspects, such as historical interventions, regional conflicts, and the impact of foreign policies, also contribute to the ongoing instability and lack of freedom.