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Which factor explains why a cube of sugar placed in water will dissolve at a slower rate than granular sugar over time?

a
The mass of the cube decreases.
b
The cube has a smaller surface area.
c
The temperature of the cube decreases.
d
The particles in the cube have more movement.

9 answers

The correct answer is:

b) The cube has a smaller surface area.

Granular sugar has a larger surface area exposed to the water compared to a cube of sugar, which means it can dissolve more quickly because there is more area for the water molecules to interact with the sugar molecules.

252/99 Es arrow 0/-1 e + a/z x

What is the atomic mass of the new atom?

What is the atomic number of the new atom?:

What is the symbol of the new atom?:

What type of decay is demonstrated here?:

Let's analyze the decay process represented in the equation you provided:

\( \frac{252}{99} \text{Es} \rightarrow \frac{0}{-1} \text{e} + \frac{a}{z} \text{X} \)

Here, \( \frac{252}{99} \) represents an isotope of Einsteinium (Es), where 99 is the atomic number and 252 is the atomic mass.

  1. Identify the emitted particle:

    • The particle \( \frac{0}{-1} \text{e} \) represents a beta particle (an electron).

  2. Conservation of mass and atomic number:

    • In a beta decay, a neutron is converted into a proton, which means:
      • The atomic mass remains the same (252).
      • The atomic number increases by 1 because a neutron is converted to a proton.

  3. Calculations for the new atom:

    • New atomic mass: 252 (unchanged).
    • New atomic number: 99 (original) + 1 = 100.

  4. Determine the symbol of the new atom:

    • The element with atomic number 100 is Fermium (Fm).

  5. Type of decay:

    • The type of decay demonstrated is beta decay.

Summary:

  • Atomic mass of the new atom: 252
  • Atomic number of the new atom: 100
  • Symbol of the new atom: Fm
  • Type of decay: Beta decay
247/96 Cm arrow 4/2 He + a/z X

What is the atomic mass of the new atom?

What is the atomic number of the new atom?

What is the symbol of the new atom?:

What type of decay is demonstrated here?:

Let's analyze the decay process represented in the equation you provided:

\[ \frac{247}{96} \text{Cm} \rightarrow \frac{4}{2} \text{He} + \frac{a}{z} \text{X} \]

This reaction illustrates alpha decay, where an alpha particle \( \frac{4}{2} \text{He} \) is emitted from the isotope of Curium (Cm).

Step-by-step analysis:

  1. Identify the emitted particle:

    • \( \frac{4}{2} \text{He} \) is an alpha particle.

  2. Conservation of mass and atomic number:

    • When an alpha particle is emitted:
      • The atomic mass decreases by 4.
      • The atomic number decreases by 2.

  3. Calculating for the new atom:

    • Original atomic mass: 247
    • New atomic mass: 247 (original) - 4 (mass of alpha particle) = 243
    • Original atomic number: 96
    • New atomic number: 96 (original) - 2 (atomic number of alpha particle) = 94

  4. Determine the symbol of the new atom:

    • The element with atomic number 94 is Plutonium (Pu).

Summary:

  • Atomic mass of the new atom: 243
  • Atomic number of the new atom: 94
  • Symbol of the new atom: Pu
  • Type of decay: Alpha decay
224/88 Ra arrow 4/2 He + a/z X

What is the atomic mass of the new atom?

What is the atomic number of the new atom?

What is the symbol of the new atom?

What type of decay is demonstrated here?

Let's analyze the decay process represented in the equation you provided:

\[ \frac{224}{88} \text{Ra} \rightarrow \frac{4}{2} \text{He} + \frac{a}{z} \text{X} \]

This equation represents alpha decay, where an alpha particle \( \frac{4}{2} \text{He} \) is emitted from the isotope of Radium (Ra).

Step-by-step analysis:

  1. Identify the emitted particle:

    • \( \frac{4}{2} \text{He} \) is an alpha particle.

  2. Conservation of mass and atomic number:

    • When an alpha particle is emitted:
      • The atomic mass decreases by 4.
      • The atomic number decreases by 2.

  3. Calculating for the new atom:

    • Original atomic mass: 224
    • New atomic mass: \( 224 - 4 = 220 \)
    • Original atomic number: 88
    • New atomic number: \( 88 - 2 = 86 \)

  4. Determine the symbol of the new atom:

    • The element with atomic number 86 is Radon (Rn).

Summary:

  • Atomic mass of the new atom: 220
  • Atomic number of the new atom: 86
  • Symbol of the new atom: Rn
  • Type of decay: Alpha decay
When we write nuclear reactions, you use the A-Z-X formatting. Match the symbols to the terms they represent.

a/z X

a.Atomic Mass
b.Atomic Number
c.Atomic Symbol

In the notation \( \frac{A}{Z} , X \):

  • \( A \) represents Atomic Mass (the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus).
  • \( Z \) represents Atomic Number (the number of protons in the nucleus, which determines the element).
  • \( X \) represents Atomic Symbol (the chemical symbol for the element).

So the correct matches are:

  • a. \( A \) - Atomic Mass
  • b. \( Z \) - Atomic Number
  • c. \( X \) - Atomic Symbol