To provide the best evidence for the effect of light on plant growth, the most effective experimental procedure would be:
Plant seeds in different soils and expose them to different amounts of light, then measure plant growth.
This approach allows for a controlled experiment where you can isolate the variable of light exposure while keeping other factors as consistent as possible, such as soil type, watering, and temperature, which can otherwise confound the results. By systematically varying light while controlling for other environmental factors, you can better determine the specific effect that light has on plant growth.
Measuring plants receiving different amounts of light in their natural environments introduces many uncontrolled variables, making it difficult to attribute differences in growth directly to light exposure. Measuring plants of the same variety grown in environments with different amounts of light also lacks the control offered by purposely planting in defined conditions where light is the main variable manipulated.
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