The primary evidence that supports the idea that the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMB) is a remnant of the Big Bang includes the following points:
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Uniform Temperature: The CMB has a remarkably uniform temperature of approximately 2.7 Kelvin, which supports the idea that it originated from the hot, dense state of the early universe. This uniformity indicates that the radiation has been largely homogeneous since the time of decoupling (around 380,000 years after the Big Bang).
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Temperature Fluctuations: While the overall temperature is uniform, there are very slight temperature fluctuations (anisotropies) in the CMB across the sky. These fluctuations are critical as they correspond to the density variations in the early universe that led to the large-scale structure we observe today. They provide insights into the rate of expansion, the geometry of the universe, and the nature of cosmic inflation.
Based on these explanations, the most relevant statements regarding CMB are:
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It’s temperature is uniform: This supports the idea that the early universe was very hot and uniform.
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It’s temperature fluctuates greatly: Although not accurate in the sense of large fluctuations, the small anisotropies in temperature are indeed significant and provide important information about the early universe.
In contrast, the statements about mass fluctuations and mass being uniform are not relevant to the argument regarding the CMB as a remnant of the Big Bang. The correct emphasis should be on the uniformity of the CMB's temperature and the existence of small fluctuations.
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