which event led Russia to withdraw from world war 1 and surrendered a significant amount of territory to Germany

Answer 1

The event that led Russia to withdraw from World War I was the signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. This treaty was concluded on March 3, 1918, between the Bolshevik government of Russia and the Central Powers, primarily Germany. The treaty mandated that Russia surrender a significant amount of territory, including parts of present-day Poland, Ukraine, Belarus, the Baltic states, and Finland, effectively ending Russia's involvement in the war. This withdrawal was a consequence of the Russian Revolution of 1917, which led to the Bolsheviks coming to power and their desire to focus on internal affairs rather than continued participation in the war.