The equation that is true based on the properties of a right triangle is:
Option 1: \( p^2 + t^2 = s^2 \)
In a right triangle, the Pythagorean theorem states that the square of the length of the hypotenuse \(s\) is equal to the sum of the squares of the lengths of the other two sides \(p\) and \(t\).
Therefore, the correct answer is "1."