Calcium (Ca) has the atomic number 20 and its electron configuration is \( [\text{Ar}] 4s^2 \). The valence electrons of calcium are in the 4th energy level (n=4).
To find an element with valence electrons in a higher energy level, we can look for elements in the 5th energy level (n=5) or higher. For example:
- Rubidium (Rb), with the atomic number 37, has the electron configuration \( [\text{Kr}] 5s^1 \) and has valence electrons in the 5th energy level.
- Strontium (Sr), with the atomic number 38, has the electron configuration \( [\text{Kr}] 5s^2 \) and also has valence electrons in the 5th energy level.
- Any element in the 5th period (like Yttrium, Zirconium, etc.) and beyond will have valence electrons in higher energy levels than calcium.
Therefore, Rb and Sr are examples of elements that have valence electrons in a higher energy level than those of calcium.
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