The correct choice that identifies a positive correlation regarding the increase in black peppered moth populations in England during the late 1800s is:
the correlation between air pollution and white moth populations.
This is because air pollution from industrialization darkened trees, favoring the survival of darker (black) moths while the lighter (white) moths became more vulnerable to predation. Thus, as air pollution increased, the population of white moths decreased, leading to a positive correlation between air pollution and the relative increase in black moth populations.
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