The three characteristics that apply to an effective opening statement are:
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States the writer’s opinion - An effective opening statement often conveys the writer's perspective on the topic.
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Debatable - An effective opening statement should present an argument or viewpoint that invites discussion and differing opinions.
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Logical - An effective opening statement should be clear and rational, establishing a solid foundation for the rest of the argument.
The other options, such as avoiding controversy and stating only facts, do not typically align with the nature of an effective opening statement in an argumentative context. Including a call to action is also less common in an opening statement compared to the body of a persuasive piece.