The characteristic that will be affected by increasing the speed of an object from 30 meters per second (m/s) to 40 meters per second (m/s) is:
kinetic energy.
Kinetic energy is calculated using the formula \( KE = \frac{1}{2} mv^2 \), where \( m \) is the mass of the object and \( v \) is its velocity. As the speed increases, the kinetic energy increases exponentially due to the square of the velocity in the formula.