Increasing the speed of an object from 30 meters per second (m/s) to 40 meters per second (m/s) will affect its kinetic energy.
Kinetic energy (KE) is given by the formula:
\[ KE = \frac{1}{2} mv^2 \]
where \(m\) is the mass of the object and \(v\) is its velocity. As the speed (velocity) increases, the kinetic energy increases quadratically, meaning a change in speed will significantly impact the kinetic energy of the object.
In this case, the mass and weight of the object remain constant as they do not depend on speed. Therefore, the correct response is kinetic energy.