The characteristic that will be affected by increasing the speed of an object from 30 meters per second (m/s) to 40 meters per second (m/s) is kinetic energy.
Kinetic energy is given by the formula:
\[ KE = \frac{1}{2} mv^2 \]
where \(m\) is the mass of the object and \(v\) is its velocity. Since the speed is increasing, the kinetic energy will increase as well.