Which can be excluded from

Question

the list of events caused by
the flow of thermal energy
inside the Earth?
thunderstorms
earthquakes
volcanic eruptions
valley formations

Answer 1

From the list provided, thunderstorms can be excluded as an event caused by the flow of thermal energy inside the Earth. Thunderstorms are primarily atmospheric phenomena, driven by processes in the atmosphere such as convection, moisture, and temperature differences, rather than processes related to thermal energy originating from the Earth's interior. The other events—earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and valley formations—are directly related to geological processes influenced by thermal energy within the Earth.