The best explanation for why the Nez Perce fought White settlers after the Walla Walla treaty is:
Settlers illegally entered and damaged Nez Perce lands.
Following the Walla Walla Treaty, which was intended to establish a reservation for the Nez Perce, many settlers encroached on their territory, ignoring the terms of the treaty and damaging their lands. This violation led to conflict as the Nez Perce sought to protect their rights and their homeland.