Global warming refers to the long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to human activities, primarily the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O). This phenomenon is a major aspect of climate change and is primarily driven by:
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Fossil Fuel Combustion: Burning coal, oil, and natural gas for energy and transportation releases significant amounts of CO2 and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
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Deforestation: Cutting down forests reduces the number of trees that can absorb CO2, contributing to higher concentrations of greenhouse gases.
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Industrial Processes: Certain industrial activities release greenhouse gases and other pollutants that contribute to global warming.
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Agricultural Practices: Agriculture contributes to global warming through methane emissions from livestock and rice paddies, as well as nitrous oxide from fertilized soils.
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Land Use Changes: Urbanization and other changes to land use can alter ecosystems and carbon cycling, affecting the balance of greenhouse gases.
The consequences of global warming include rising sea levels, increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, shifts in wildlife populations and habitats, and various impacts on human health, agriculture, and water supplies. Addressing global warming involves reducing greenhouse gas emissions, transitioning to renewable energy sources, improving energy efficiency, and implementing sustainable land-use practices.