The establishment of the European Union (EU) has led to several significant effects. Based on your options, the following are applicable:
A. Free trade among members - The EU has created a single market that allows for the free movement of goods, services, capital, and people among member states.
C. Citizens moving through borders freely - One of the key achievements of the EU is the Schengen Agreement, which allows for passport-free travel across many EU member countries.
The other options do not accurately reflect effects of the EU:
B. Free language instruction among members - While there are language programs and initiatives, this is not a defining effect of the EU.
D. Import taxes between countries - EU member states generally do not impose import taxes on each other due to the customs union; however, they do have a common external tariff with non-member countries.
E. Elections among all members for all of EU government positions - While there are elections for some EU positions (like the European Parliament), not all government positions in the EU are filled through elections from the general populace.
So the correct selections are A and C.