Scientists have used several dating methods to determine the age of the Earth, and a key one is radiometric dating, particularly through the study of isotopes such as uranium-lead dating. However, the widely accepted age of the Earth is approximately 4.5 billion years old, not 43 billion.
The confusion may arise from other astronomical bodies, such as certain meteorites or much older stellar objects, which have been dated to be older than the Earth itself. The oldest minerals found on Earth, zircon crystals from Australia, have been dated to about 4.4 billion years.
If you are referencing a specific study or claim regarding an Earth age of 43 billion years, please provide more context, as this does not align with current scientific consensus.