When clouds pass over mountain ranges, precipitation often occurs on the seaward side of the mountain. Which of the following explains why this happens?

Question

A.
The mountains create a high pressure system which leads to rainfall.
B.
The mountains release heat energy, which warms the water vapor in the air.
C.
The mountains act as a barrier and prevent the clouds from traveling farther inland.
D.
The mountains force the clouds to rise, and they cool as they rise.

Answer 1

The correct explanation for why precipitation often occurs on the seaward side of mountain ranges is:

D. The mountains force the clouds to rise, and they cool as they rise.

When moist air approaches a mountain range, the terrain forces the air to ascend. As the air rises, it expands and cools, leading to condensation of water vapor and the formation of clouds, which ultimately results in precipitation. This process is known as orographic lift.