When clouds pass over mountain ranges, precipitation often occurs on the seaward side of the mountain. Which of the following explains why this happens?

Question

A.
The mountains act as a barrier and prevent the clouds from traveling farther inland.
B.
The mountains create a high pressure system which leads to rainfall.
C.
The mountains force the clouds to rise, and they cool as they rise.
D.
The mountains release heat energy, which warms the water vapor in the air.

Answer 1

The correct explanation is:

C. The mountains force the clouds to rise, and they cool as they rise.

As clouds encounter the mountains, they are forced to rise upwards. As the air rises, it cools, which leads to condensation of water vapor and the formation of precipitation. This process is known as orographic lift.