To determine which of the solutions contains the greatest number of solute particles (molecules or ions), we need to consider how many particles are produced when each substance dissolves in water.
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1 liter of 1.0 M glucose: Glucose is a covalent compound and does not dissociate in solution. Therefore, 1.0 M glucose provides 1.0 moles of glucose molecules per liter.
- Total particles = 1.0 M × 1 L = 1.0 moles of glucose molecules.
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1 liter of 0.5 M NaCl: Sodium chloride (NaCl) dissociates completely in water into two ions: Na⁺ and Cl⁻. Therefore, 0.5 M NaCl will yield 0.5 moles of Na⁺ and 0.5 moles of Cl⁻.
- Total particles = (0.5 M NaCl × 1 L) × 2 (due to dissociation) = 0.5 moles × 2 = 1.0 moles of ions.
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1 liter of 1.0 M NaCl: Similarly, 1.0 M NaCl will dissociate into Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions.
- Total particles = (1.0 M NaCl × 1 L) × 2 = 1.0 moles × 2 = 2.0 moles of ions.
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1 liter of 1.0 M NaCl and 1 liter of 1.0 M glucose: Here, we have both glucose (1.0 M) and NaCl (1.0 M). The contributions would be:
- From glucose: 1.0 moles of glucose.
- From NaCl: (1.0 M NaCl × 1 L) × 2 = 2.0 moles of ions.
- Total = 1.0 moles (glucose) + 2.0 moles (NaCl) = 3.0 moles of particles.
Now, let's summarize the total number of solute particles for each option:
- 1 liter of 1.0 M glucose: 1.0 moles
- 1 liter of 0.5 M NaCl: 1.0 moles
- 1 liter of 1.0 M NaCl: 2.0 moles
- 1 liter of 1.0 M NaCl and 1 liter of 1.0 M glucose: 3.0 moles
The 1 liter of 1.0 M NaCl and 1 liter of 1.0 M glucose solution will contain the greatest number of solute particles with a total of 3.0 moles.
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