When a consumer eats a producer, 10 percent of the producer’s energy is passed on to the consumer trophic level. What happens to the other 90 percent?(1 point)

Question

It is used by the producer to pass on to the next trophic level.
It is used by the producer to pass on to the next trophic level.

It is consumed and used by the consumer.
It is consumed and used by the consumer.

It is added back to the soil by decomposers.
It is added back to the soil by decomposers.

It is used for cell processes or released as heat.

Answer 1

The correct answer is:

It is used for cell processes or released as heat.

When a consumer eats a producer, not all of the energy from the producer is transferred; a significant portion is used by the consumer for biological processes (such as growth, movement, and reproduction) or is dissipated as heat, according to the second law of thermodynamics.

Answer 2

Why is there less biomass at the top of the energy pyramid?(1 point)

Secondary and tertiary consumers have to consume a lot more food to support themselves, so there are fewer of them.
Secondary and tertiary consumers have to consume a lot more food to support themselves, so there are fewer of them.

Secondary and tertiary consumers are larger, so there are fewer of them.
Secondary and tertiary consumers are larger, so there are fewer of them.

Secondary and tertiary consumers have bigger ranges, so there are fewer of them because they each need a lot of space.
Secondary and tertiary consumers have bigger ranges, so there are fewer of them because they each need a lot of space.

Secondary and tertiary consumers live longer, so there are fewer of them because they reproduce more slowly.

Answer 3

The correct answer is:

Secondary and tertiary consumers have to consume a lot more food to support themselves, so there are fewer of them.

At each trophic level of an energy pyramid, energy is lost (typically about 90%) as it is converted into heat and used for metabolic processes. As a result, there is less energy available to support organisms at higher trophic levels, leading to a decrease in biomass and number of individuals (secondary and tertiary consumers) at the top of the pyramid.

Answer 4

Using the ten percent rule, determine how many kilocalories of energy the tertiary consumer tuna will receive.

Algae Shrimp Lantern Fish Tuna
135,000 Kcal


(1 point)
Responses

13,500 Kcal
13,500 Kcal

135,000 Kcal
135,000 Kcal

135 Kcal
135 Kcal

1,350 Kcal

Answer 5

To determine how many kilocalories of energy the tertiary consumer tuna will receive using the ten percent rule, we can follow these steps:

1. Algae to Shrimp (Primary Consumer):

   • Algae: 135,000 Kcal
   • Energy transferred to Shrimp: 10% of 135,000 Kcal = 13,500 Kcal

2. Shrimp to Lantern Fish (Secondary Consumer):

   • Energy transferred to Lantern Fish: 10% of 13,500 Kcal = 1,350 Kcal

3. Lantern Fish to Tuna (Tertiary Consumer):

   • Energy transferred to Tuna: 10% of 1,350 Kcal = 135 Kcal

Based on the calculations, the amount of energy the tuna will receive is 135 Kcal.

So, the correct response is:

135 Kcal.

Answer 6

Read the following statements about various species of plants and animals. Based on these statements, which one would most likely be classified as an invasive species, and not just a non-native species, in the United States?(1 point)
Responses

Species B is from Europe and can sting people. This species is often farmed in America for its ability to pollinate and provide honey.
Species B is from Europe and can sting people. This species is often farmed in America for its ability to pollinate and provide honey.

Species A is a plant from Eurasia. It is often considered a weed by homeowners and killed by using an herbicide. This plant can be consumed in salads or as a tea and is the first food resource for bees in the spring. It does not grow uncontrollably.
Species A is a plant from Eurasia. It is often considered a weed by homeowners and killed by using an herbicide. This plant can be consumed in salads or as a tea and is the first food resource for bees in the spring. It does not grow uncontrollably.

Species C, a plant from Japan, was introduced as a foliage crop and to reduce soil erosion. It grows up to a foot per day, smothering low-growing plants and killing trees. It has no natural predators.
Species C, a plant from Japan, was introduced as a foliage crop and to reduce soil erosion. It grows up to a foot per day, smothering low-growing plants and killing trees. It has no natural predators.

Species D, native to Eurasia, has been released in various American states to combat the invasive plant, purple loosestrife. It does not affect other native plants.

Answer 7

Based on the descriptions provided, Species C would most likely be classified as an invasive species in the United States.

The characteristics that classify it as invasive include:

• It was introduced from Japan as a foliage crop and to reduce soil erosion.
• It grows very rapidly (up to a foot per day).
• It smothers low-growing plants and kills trees.
• It has no natural predators in the new environment, allowing it to proliferate unchecked.

Invasive species typically disrupt local ecosystems by outcompeting native species, causing ecological harm, whereas non-native species may not exhibit such disruptive characteristics.

Answer 8

Use the following formula to find the efficiency of energy transfer between the harbor seal (2,500 Kcal) and a polar bear (375 Kcal).

(Energy level transfered to next level)(Total energy input) × 100

(1 point)
Responses

12%
12%

10%
10%

20%
20%

15%

Answer 9

To calculate the efficiency of energy transfer between the harbor seal and the polar bear using the provided formula:

\[ \text{Efficiency} = \left(\frac{\text{Energy level transferred to next level}}{\text{Total energy input}}\right) \times 100 \]

Here:

• Energy level transferred to the polar bear = 375 Kcal (this is the energy the polar bear receives)
• Total energy input from the harbor seal = 2,500 Kcal

Now plug in the values:

\[ \text{Efficiency} = \left(\frac{375 , \text{Kcal}}{2500 , \text{Kcal}}\right) \times 100 \]

Calculating that:

\[ \text{Efficiency} = \left(0.15\right) \times 100 = 15% \]

So, the efficiency of energy transfer between the harbor seal and the polar bear is 15%.

The correct response is:

15%.

Answer 10

How do you calculate the adjusted amount of energy that is available to organisms that are one trophic level above producers?(1 point)
Responses

gross primary productivity minus net primary productivity
gross primary productivity minus net primary productivity

net primary productivity plus gross primary productivity
net primary productivity plus gross primary productivity

net primary productivity plus amount of organic material used in respiration
net primary productivity plus amount of organic material used in respiration

gross primary productivity minus amount of organic material used in respiration

Answer 11

To calculate the adjusted amount of energy that is available to organisms that are one trophic level above producers (e.g., primary consumers), you would use the concept of net primary productivity (NPP).

Net primary productivity is calculated as:

\[ \text{NPP} = \text{Gross Primary Productivity (GPP)} - \text{Respiration (R)} \]

This means that to find the energy available to the next trophic level (primary consumers), you can consider the Gross Primary Productivity minus the energy lost through respiration.

Therefore, the correct answer is:

gross primary productivity minus amount of organic material used in respiration.