The driving force behind the labor movement primarily involved:
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Workers' frustrations with low wages, long work hours, and unsafe conditions in factories. This widespread dissatisfaction among workers highlighted the need for better labor rights and protections.
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Muckrakers exposing unsafe and unsanitary conditions in factories. Investigative journalists played a crucial role in revealing the harsh realities of working conditions, galvanizing public support for labor reforms.
While the other options address important aspects related to the labor movement, the foremost driving force came from the direct experiences and struggles of the workers themselves.