What right of Mahmoud Abdul was violated when he was suspended for refusing to stand for the national anthem in 1996 citing his opposition to the country’s treatment of Muslims and minorities

Answer 1

Mahmoud Abdul's First Amendment right to freedom of speech and expression was likely violated when he was suspended for refusing to stand for the national anthem. The First Amendment protects individuals from being compelled to express a particular patriotic sentiment or engage in a particular symbolic act. By suspending Abdul for expressing his opposition to the country's treatment of Muslims and minorities through his actions during the national anthem, his school likely violated his freedom of speech and expression.