What practical applications are derived from the principal

Question

functions of plant hormones? Discuss any one such
application

Answer 1

One practical application derived from the principal functions of plant hormones is in agriculture, specifically in the production of plant-based crops.

One hormone that has significant applications in agriculture is cytokinin. Cytokinins are responsible for cell division and differentiation, promoting the growth of lateral buds, and delaying leaf senescence. These functions of cytokinins can be utilized to improve crop yield and quality.

One application is the use of cytokinins in plant tissue culture. Tissue culture is a technique of growing plant cells in a controlled environment to produce new plantlets. Cytokinins are added to the media to promote cell division and differentiation, allowing the growth of new shoots and roots from the cultured cells. This technique is widely used for the mass production of disease-free and genetically identical plants, as well as the propagation of valuable plants that are difficult to reproduce by traditional methods like seeds or cuttings.

Additionally, cytokinins can be applied as a foliar spray or root drench to enhance crop growth and yield. By applying cytokinins at specific growth stages, the lateral bud development can be stimulated, leading to increased branching and more flowers, fruits, or seeds. This can result in higher crop yields and improved productivity.

Furthermore, cytokinins can be used to delay leaf senescence, which is the natural aging and death of leaves. By applying cytokinins, the leaves can remain green and photosynthetic for a longer duration, effectively extending the growing period of the crop. This can be particularly beneficial in regions with short growing seasons or for crops that require a longer period to reach maturity.

In conclusion, the application of cytokinins derived from the principal functions of plant hormones has significant implications in agriculture. Its use in tissue culture and as a foliar spray/root drench can enhance crop growth, yield, and quality. Additionally, it can also delay leaf senescence, enabling crops to grow for a longer duration. These applications can contribute to increased productivity and food security.