What motivated the mass migration of many African Americans to Kansas in the 1800s?

Question

1. African Americans could have their passage to Kansas paid for by rich businessmen by agreeing to work on the railroad.
2. There was a large amount of unused land that African Americans could claim to start ranches.
3. Factories hiring African American workers were opening in towns throughout the state.
4. Benjamin “Pap” Singleton encouraged African Americans to move to Kansas for better opportunities.

Answer 1

4. Benjamin “Pap” Singleton encouraged African Americans to move to Kansas for better opportunities.