Pregnancy tests detect the presence of the hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in urine or blood. Here are the two primary methods for conducting a pregnancy test:
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Urine Tests:
- Home Pregnancy Tests (HPTs): These are over-the-counter tests that you can buy at pharmacies or supermarkets. To use a urine test:
- Collect urine in a clean cup or use a direct midstream method (urinate directly onto the test stick).
- Follow the instructions provided with the test kit.
- Wait for the indicated amount of time (usually a few minutes).
- Read the results according to the test's guidelines (usually indicated by lines, symbols, or words).
- Sensitivity: Most home tests can detect hCG around the time of a missed period, but it is recommended to wait a few days after the missed period for more accurate results.
- Home Pregnancy Tests (HPTs): These are over-the-counter tests that you can buy at pharmacies or supermarkets. To use a urine test:
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Blood Tests:
- Quantitative Blood Test (Beta hCG Test): This test measures the exact amount of hCG in the blood and can detect pregnancy earlier than a urine test.
- Qualitative Blood Test: This test simply checks for the presence of hCG in the blood (positive or negative).
- How It's Done: A healthcare provider will take a blood sample, and results typically come back within a few hours to a day.
If you suspect you are pregnant, it's best to follow up with a healthcare provider for confirmation and guidance regardless of the test results.